转载 2021-04-23

共同构建人与自然生命共同体

For Man and Nature: Building a Community of Life Together

——在“领导人气候峰会”上的讲话

（2021年4月22日，北京）

中华人民共和国主席　习近平

Remarks by H.E. Xi Jinping

President of the People’s Republic of China

At the Leaders Summit on Climate

22 April 2021

尊敬的拜登总统，

尊敬的各位同事：

Honorable President Joe Biden,

Honorable Colleagues,

很高兴在“世界地球日”到来之际出席领导人气候峰会，感谢拜登总统的邀请。借此机会，我愿同大家就气候变化问题深入交换意见，共商应对气候变化挑战之策，共谋人与自然和谐共生之道。

It is a great pleasure to join you at the Leaders Summit on Climate on Earth Day. I wish to thank President Biden for the kind invitation. It is good to have this opportunity to have an in-depth exchange of views with you on climate change, and to discuss ways to tackle this challenge and find a path forward for man and Nature to live in harmony.

人类进入工业文明时代以来，在创造巨大物质财富的同时，也加速了对自然资源的攫取，打破了地球生态系统平衡，人与自然深层次矛盾日益显现。近年来，气候变化、生物多样性丧失、荒漠化加剧、极端气候事件频发，给人类生存和发展带来严峻挑战。新冠肺炎疫情持续蔓延，使各国经济社会发展雪上加霜。面对全球环境治理前所未有的困难，国际社会要以前所未有的雄心和行动，勇于担当，勠力同心，共同构建人与自然生命共同体。

Since time of the industrial civilization, mankind has created massive material wealth. Yet, it has come at a cost of intensified exploitation of natural resources, which disrupted the balance in the Earth’s ecosystem, and laid bare the growing tensions in the human-Nature relationship. In recent years, climate change, biodiversity loss, worsening desertification and frequent extreme weather events have all posed severe challenges to human survival and development. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has added difficulty to economic and social development across countries. Faced with unprecedented challenges in global environmental governance, the international community needs to come up with unprecedented ambition and action. We need to act with a sense of responsibility and unity, and work together to foster a community of life for man and Nature.

——坚持人与自然和谐共生。“万物各得其和以生，各得其养以成。”大自然是包括人在内一切生物的摇篮，是人类赖以生存发展的基本条件。大自然孕育抚养了人类，人类应该以自然为根，尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然。不尊重自然，违背自然规律，只会遭到自然报复。自然遭到系统性破坏，人类生存发展就成了无源之水、无本之木。我们要像保护眼睛一样保护自然和生态环境，推动形成人与自然和谐共生新格局。

—We must be committed to harmony between man and Nature. “All things that grow live in harmony and benefit from the nourishment of Nature.” Mother Nature is the cradle of all living beings, including humans. It provides everything essential for humanity to survive and thrive. Mother Nature has nourished us, and we must treat Nature as our root, respect it, protect it, and follow its laws. Failure to respect Nature or follow its laws will only invite its revenge. Systemic spoil of Nature will take away the foundation of human survival and development, and will leave us human beings like a river without a source and a tree without its roots. We should protect Nature and preserve the environment like we protect our eyes, and endeavor to foster a new relationship where man and Nature can both prosper and live in harmony.

——坚持绿色发展。绿水青山就是金山银山。保护生态环境就是保护生产力，改善生态环境就是发展生产力，这是朴素的真理。我们要摒弃损害甚至破坏生态环境的发展模式，摒弃以牺牲环境换取一时发展的短视做法。要顺应当代科技革命和产业变革大方向，抓住绿色转型带来的巨大发展机遇，以创新为驱动，大力推进经济、能源、产业结构转型升级，让良好生态环境成为全球经济社会可持续发展的支撑。

—We must be committed to green development. Green mountains are gold mountains. To protect the environment is to protect productivity, and to improve the environment is to boost productivity — the truth is as simple as that. We must abandon development models that harm or undermine the environment, and must say no to shortsighted approaches of going after near-term development gains at the expense of the environment. Much to the contrary, we need to ride the trend of technological revolution and industrial transformation, seize the enormous opportunity in green transition, and let the power of innovation drive us to upgrade our economic, energy and industrial structures, and make sure that a sound environment is there to buttress sustainable economic and social development worldwide.

——坚持系统治理。山水林田湖草沙是不可分割的生态系统。保护生态环境，不能头痛医头、脚痛医脚。我们要按照生态系统的内在规律，统筹考虑自然生态各要素，从而达到增强生态系统循环能力、维护生态平衡的目标。

—We must be committed to systemic governance. Mountains, rivers, forests as well as farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts all make indivisible parts of the ecosystem. Protecting the ecosystem requires more than a simplistic, palliative approach. We need to follow the innate laws of the ecosystem and properly balance all elements and aspects of Nature. This is a way that may take us where we want to be, an ecosystem in sound circulation and overall balance.

——坚持以人为本。生态环境关系各国人民的福祉，我们必须充分考虑各国人民对美好生活的向往、对优良环境的期待、对子孙后代的责任，探索保护环境和发展经济、创造就业、消除贫困的协同增效，在绿色转型过程中努力实现社会公平正义，增加各国人民获得感、幸福感、安全感。

—We must be committed to a people-centered approach. The environment concerns the well-being of people in all countries. We need to take into full account people’s longing for a better life and a good environment as well as our responsibility for future generations. We need to look for ways to protect the environment, grow the economy, create jobs and remove poverty all at the same time, so as to deliver social equity and justice in the course of green transition and increase people’s sense of benefit, happiness and security.

——坚持多边主义。我们要坚持以国际法为基础、以公平正义为要旨、以有效行动为导向，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，遵循《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》的目标和原则，努力落实2030年可持续发展议程；强化自身行动，深化伙伴关系，提升合作水平，在实现全球碳中和新征程中互学互鉴、互利共赢。要携手合作，不要相互指责；要持之以恒，不要朝令夕改；要重信守诺，不要言而无信。

—We must be committed to multilateralism. We need to work on the basis of international law, follow the principle of equity and justice, and focus on effective actions. We need to uphold the UN-centered international system, comply with the objectives and principles laid out in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement, and strive to deliver the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We need to each take stronger actions, strengthen partnerships and cooperation, learn from each other and make common progress in the new journey toward global carbon neutrality. In this process, we must join hands, not point fingers at each other; we must maintain continuity, not reverse course easily; and we must honor commitments, not go back on promises.

中方欢迎美方重返多边气候治理进程。中美刚刚共同发布了《应对气候危机联合声明》，中方期待同包括美方在内的国际社会一道，共同为推进全球环境治理而努力。

China welcomes the United States’ return to the multilateral climate governance process. Not long ago, the Chinese and US sides released a Joint Statement Addressing the Climate Crisis. China looks forward to working with the international community including the United States to jointly advance global environmental governance.

——坚持共同但有区别的责任原则。共同但有区别的责任原则是全球气候治理的基石。发展中国家面临抗击疫情、发展经济、应对气候变化等多重挑战。我们要充分肯定发展中国家应对气候变化所作贡献，照顾其特殊困难和关切。发达国家应该展现更大雄心和行动，同时切实帮助发展中国家提高应对气候变化的能力和韧性，为发展中国家提供资金、技术、能力建设等方面支持，避免设置绿色贸易壁垒，帮助他们加速绿色低碳转型。

—We must be committed to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities is the cornerstone of global climate governance. Developing countries now face multiple challenges to combat COVID-19, grow the economy, and address climate change. We need to give full recognition to developing countries’ contribution to climate action and accommodate their particular difficulties and concerns. Developed countries need to increase climate ambition and action. At the same time, they need to make concrete efforts to help developing countries strengthen the capacity and resilience against climate change, support them in financing, technology, and capacity building, and refrain from creating green trade barriers, so as to help developing countries accelerate the transition to green and low-carbon development.

各位同事！

Colleagues,

中华文明历来崇尚天人合一、道法自然，追求人与自然和谐共生。中国将生态文明理念和生态文明建设写入《中华人民共和国宪法》，纳入中国特色社会主义总体布局。中国以生态文明思想为指导，贯彻新发展理念，以经济社会发展全面绿色转型为引领，以能源绿色低碳发展为关键，坚持走生态优先、绿色低碳的发展道路。

The Chinese civilization has always valued harmony between man and Nature as well as observance of the laws of Nature. It has been our constant pursuit that man and Nature could live in harmony with each other. Ecological advancement and conservation have been written into China’s Constitution and incorporated into China’s overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics. China will follow the Thought on Ecological Civilization and implement the new development philosophy. We will aim to achieve greener economic and social development in all aspects, with a special focus on developing green and low-carbon energy. We will continue to prioritize ecological conservation and pursue a green and low-carbon path to development.

去年，我正式宣布中国将力争2030年前实现碳达峰、2060年前实现碳中和。这是中国基于推动构建人类命运共同体的责任担当和实现可持续发展的内在要求作出的重大战略决策。中国承诺实现从碳达峰到碳中和的时间，远远短于发达国家所用时间，需要中方付出艰苦努力。中国将碳达峰、碳中和纳入生态文明建设整体布局，正在制定碳达峰行动计划，广泛深入开展碳达峰行动，支持有条件的地方和重点行业、重点企业率先达峰。中国将严控煤电项目，“十四五”时期严控煤炭消费增长、“十五五”时期逐步减少。此外，中国已决定接受《〈蒙特利尔议定书〉基加利修正案》，加强非二氧化碳温室气体管控，还将启动全国碳市场上线交易。

Last year, I made the official announcement that China will strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. This major strategic decision is made based on our sense of responsibility to build a community with a shared future for mankind and our own need to secure sustainable development. China has committed to move from carbon peak to carbon neutrality in a much shorter time span than what might take many developed countries, and that requires extraordinarily hard efforts from China. The targets of carbon peak and carbon neutrality have been added to China’s overall plan for ecological conservation. We are now making an action plan and are already taking strong nationwide actions toward carbon peak. Support is being given to peaking pioneers from localities, sectors and companies. China will strictly control coal-fired power generation projects, and strictly limit the increase in coal consumption over the 14th Five-Year Plan period and phase it down in the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Moreover, China has decided to accept the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and tighten regulations over non-carbon dioxide emissions. China’s national carbon market will also start trading.

作为全球生态文明建设的参与者、贡献者、引领者，中国坚定践行多边主义，努力推动构建公平合理、合作共赢的全球环境治理体系。中方将在今年10月承办《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会，同各方一道推动全球生物多样性治理迈上新台阶，支持《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二十六次缔约方会议取得积极成果。中方秉持“授人以渔”理念，通过多种形式的南南务实合作，尽己所能帮助发展中国家提高应对气候变化能力。从非洲的气候遥感卫星，到东南亚的低碳示范区，再到小岛国的节能灯，中国应对气候变化南南合作成果看得见、摸得着、有实效。中方还将生态文明领域合作作为共建“一带一路”重点内容，发起了系列绿色行动倡议，采取绿色基建、绿色能源、绿色交通、绿色金融等一系列举措，持续造福参与共建“一带一路”的各国人民。

As a participant, contributor and trailblazer in global ecological conservation, China is firmly committed to putting multilateralism into action and promoting a fair and equitable system of global environmental governance for win-win cooperation. China will host COP15 to the Convention on Biological Diversity this October and looks forward to working with all parties to enhance global governance on biodiversity. We support COP26 to the UNFCCC in achieving positive outcomes. As we in China often say, “It is more important to show people how to fish than just giving them fish.” China has done its best to help developing countries build capacity against climate change through various forms of results-oriented South-South cooperation. From remote sensing satellites for climate monitoring in Africa to low-carbon demonstration zones in Southeast Asia and to energy-efficient lights in small island countries, such cooperation has yielded real, tangible and solid results. China has also made ecological cooperation a key part of Belt and Road cooperation. A number of green action initiatives have been launched, covering wide-ranging efforts in green infrastructure, green energy, green transport and green finance, to bring enduring benefits to the people of all Belt and Road partner countries.

各位同事！

Colleagues,

“众力并，则万钧不足举也。”气候变化带给人类的挑战是现实的、严峻的、长远的。但是，我坚信，只要心往一处想、劲往一处使，同舟共济、守望相助，人类必将能够应对好全球气候环境挑战，把一个清洁美丽的世界留给子孙后代。

As we say in China, “When people pull together, nothing is too heavy to be lifted.” Climate change poses pressing, formidable and long-term challenges to us all. Yet I am confident that as long as we unite in our purposes and efforts and work together with solidarity and mutual assistance, we will rise above the global climate and environment challenges and leave a clean and beautiful world to future generations.

谢谢大家。

Thank you.